Enchondroma

• left
Fat suppressed coronal PD-image of the knee. Typical enchondromas in the femur and tibia as seen frequently as coincidental finding in MR-examinations.
middle
Well-defined lytic lesion in the rib with cortical thinning.
right
Well-defined lytic lesion with a sclerotic margin and without calcifications in the end phalanx.

Enchondroma

Enchondroma
-Enchondroma is a benign cartilage tumor.
-Frequently it is a coincidental finding.
-In the phalanges of the hand it frequently presents with a fracture.
-It is the most common lesion in the phalanges, i.e. a well-defined lytic lesion in the hand is almost always an enchondroma.
-In some locations it can be difficult to differentiate between enchondroma and bone infarct.
-It is almost impossible to differentiate between enchondroma and low grade chondrosarcoma based on radiographic features alone.
-Ollier's disease is multiple enchondromas.
-Maffucci's syndrome is multiple enchondromas with soft tissue hemangiomas.
-Features that favor the diagnosis of a low-grade chondrosarcoma:
Higher age Size > 5 cm
Activity on bone scan
Fast enhancement on dynamic contrast enhanced MR series
Endosteal scalloping of the cortical bone
Discriminators :
Must have calcification except in phalanges.
No periostitis.


http://www.radiologyassistant.nl/en/4bc6176e56228

Age:in adolescents or young adults;

Location:Metaphyseal and central.

Bone destruction pattern:Geographic type1 b.

Tumor matrix pattern:coarse dot-like, popcorn-like mineralization of chondroid matrix.

Periosteal reaction:not present.

D.D. according to location

-Fibrous dysplasia.

-Enchondroma.

-Simple bone cyst.

-Pyogenic osteomyelitis.

Diagnosis:Characteristic appearance of enchondroma of long bone(most common site is proximal hemerus).